The annual UN Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) meets in March each year to address the widespread inequalities, violence and discrimination women continue to face all around the world.
Here is a brief five-point guide to this high-profile UN event.
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1. Pushing for action for eight decades
The Commission began in 1946, days after the UN General Assembly’s inaugural meetings, when former US First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt and part of the country’s delegation read an open letter addressed to “the women of the world.”
Ms Roosevelt had called “on the Governments of the world to encourage women everywhere to take a more active part in national and international affairs, and on women who are conscious of their opportunities to come forward and share in the work of peace and reconstruction as they did in war and resistance”.
The UN’s Economic and Social Affairs Commission (ECOSOC) promptly established a subcommission. Its six members—China, Denmark, Dominican Republic, France, India, Lebanon, and Poland—were tasked with assessing “problems relating to the status of women” to advise the UN Commission on Human Rights, a precursor to the UN Human Rights Council.
In its first report, “members considered that the work of the sub-commission should last until women had reached the point where they were on equal footing with men in all fields of human enterprise”.
From the beginning, there were calls for action, including prioritizing political rights “since little progress could be made without them”, alongside recommendations for improvements in civil educational, social, and economic fields, by which “problems should be attacked simultaneously”, the report said. In addition, the report called for a “United Nations Women’s Conference to further the programme”.
By June 1946, it formally became the Commission on the Status of Women as one of ECOSOC’s subsidiary bodies. From 1947 to 1962, the Commission focused on setting standards and formulating international conventions to change discriminatory legislation and foster global awareness of women’s issues.
2. Landmark international agreements struck
From the Commission’s early days, its growing membership contributed to some of UN history’s most widely agreed-upon international conventions. Here are just a few.
Helping Ms. Roosevelt, chair of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights drafting committee, the Commission had successfully argued against references to “men” as a synonym for humanity. It also introduced a new, more inclusive language in the final version of the General Assembly adopted in 1948.
In 1963, efforts to consolidate standards on women’s rights led the General Assembly to request the Commission to draft a Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, which the world body adopted in 1967.
CSW was pivotal in adopting the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the key global policy document on gender equality.
3. More countries, more needs
With a growing UN membership and mounting evidence in the 1960s that poverty disproportionately affected women, CSW focused on women’s needs in community and rural development, agricultural work, family planning, and scientific and technological advances. It also encouraged the UN system to expand technical assistance to further the advancement of women, especially in developing countries.
In addition to its advanced work, CSW drafted the legally binding Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1979.
During this decade, the UN declared 1975 the International Year of Women and convened the first World Conference on Women, held in Mexico. In 1977, the UN formally recognized International Women’s Day on March 8.
2010 after years of negotiations, the General Assembly adopted a resolution consolidating the Organization’s related sections and departments into the UN Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), which continues to collaborate closely with the Commission.
Climate change has complicated women farmers’ livesd in recent years.
4. Addressing emerging issues
Annual sessions address and assess emerging issues, progress, and gaps in implementing the Beijing Platform for Action. Member States then agree on further steps to speed progress.
Since 2018, CSW has addressed challenges such as climate change and gender-based violence, ensuring women’s participation and sustainable development strategies.
Adopting multi-year work programmes to appraise progress and make further recommendations to accelerate the implementation of the Platform for Action, CSW sends its negotiated agreed conclusions to ECOSOC for action.
To reach all women and leave no one behind, the Commission also contributes to the follow-up to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to accelerate the realization of gender equality and women empowerment.
5. Walking the talk
Solutions to end women’s poverty are widely recognized, from investing in policies and programmes that address gender inequalities and boosting women’s agency and leadership to closing gender gaps in employment; doing so would lift more than 100 million women and girls out of poverty, create 300 million jobs, and boost the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) by 20 per cent across all regions.
In this decisive year, as 2.6 billion people go to the polls to cast their votes, they can demand higher investment in gender equality.
These game-changing issues are being addressed at the 2024 CSW session, where its 45 members and thousands of participants from around the world will focus on the theme “Accelerating the achievement of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls by addressing poverty and strengthening institutions and financing with a gender perspective.”
This year’s Commission on the Status of Women takes place at UN Headquarters in New York from 11 to March 22. Find out more here.
To learn more about CSW sessions, past and present, visit UN Women’s A Short History of the Commission on the Status of Women.
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